Alcohol Consumption in Nursing Students after the COVID-19 Lockdown.

Excessive alcohol consumption is a major public health issue that can negatively affect behavior among university students. The objective of this study was to estimate the frequency of alcohol consumption in nursing students as well as to describe the pattern of alcohol consumption after COVID-19 lockdown. A descriptive, cross-sectional observational study was carried out, in which 1162 degree-level nursing students were evaluated. Sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyles and levels of physical activity were determined using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire: Short Form (IPAQ-SF), and alcohol consumption was determined using the ISCA (Systematized Alcohol Consumption Questionnaire) and AUDIT (Alcohol Use Disorders Inventory Test) questionnaires. According to the AUDIT questionnaire, 36.7% of the students met the criteria for excessive alcohol consumption (26.8% men vs. 39.9% women; p < 0.001). The prevalence of hazardous drinkers was found to be 10.2% (95% CI 5.6-11.7), with the difference between men and women being statistically significant. The IPAQ-SF questionnaire indicated that 26.1% of students were sedentary. No relationship was observed between alcohol consumption and the level of physical activity. The frequency of hazardous drinkers was significantly higher in women (OR: 2.2) and in smokers (OR: 4.2). In conclusion, approximately 10% of nursing students can be considered hazardous drinkers, with significant differences between the sexes. The percentage is higher in women and in smokers. Strategies should be created that encourage healthy lifestyles, emphasizing preventive activities against excessive alcohol consumption. Furthermore, given the differences in excessive alcohol consumption between men and women, it would be advisable to include the gender perspective in these activities.

Development and Validation of a Novel Ultra-Compact and Cost-Effective Device for Basic Hands-On CPR Training: A Randomized, Sham-Controlled, Blinded Trial.

To examine the performance of a novel low-cost, ultra-compact, and attractive auditory feedback device for training laypeople in external chest compressions (ECCs), we conducted a quasi-experimental cross-sectional study from September to November 2021 at the Faculty of Nursing of Albacete, University of Castille-La Mancha, Spain. The ECC sequence was performed in the laboratory with the new device for basic hands-on CPR training. Results: One hundred college students were included in this study. The compression rate/min with the new device was 97.6, and the adequate %ECC was 52.4. According to the status of body mass index (BMI) and muscle strength of the upper limbs in the bivariate analysis, it was observed that the new device discriminated between those who performed correct ECCs according to their BMI and muscle strength and those who did not, which led to significantly influenced results in terms of the percentage of ECCs with correct depth. Conclusions: The new ultra-compact auditory feedback device "Salvando a Llanetes®" demonstrated utility for teaching and learning ECCs in basic CPR. We can affirm that the analyzed device is an adequate, safe and economical method for teaching "CPR Hands-Only™" to the general population.

Analysis of compliance of the criteria recommended by the European resucitation council in first aid books published in Spanish.

AIMS: Analyse the compliance of criteria recommended by the European Resuscitation Council (ERC) in the layperson First Aid (FA) and Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) books published in Spanish. METHODS: A review of FA literature published in Spain, carried out through a systematic literature search procedure. We drew up a checklist with clarifications, based on different responses to twenty categories published in November 2015 by the ERC. The validity of the questions was analysed using the Fleiss' Kappa measure of inter-rater reliability, with a value >0.7 being deemed valid and questions displaying the lowest level of agreement being excluded. RESULTS: Eight texts obtained from the limited search of materials published between 2016-2020 in the ISBN 13 database were analysed. Evaluation of eight texts ranging from 47 to 328 pages in length showed that only three included the upgraded 2015 CPR recommendations. Twenty categories/items were analysed, after exclusion of categories/items that displayed a low consistency. None of the handbooks was in total compliance with the new CPR recommendations, and only one included 70% of the recommendations. Seven categories were included in more than 50% of the texts, and nine categories were not included in any of them. CONCLUSIONS: There is a gap between the 2015 CPR recommendations and those published in Spanish FA handbooks. The ERC Guidelines should serve to standardise FA and CPR training materials. Systematic analysis of compliance with scientific societies' recommendations for FA handbooks enables detection of guidelines and patterns that need to be updated and adapted.

Muscular fitness as a mediator of quality cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

BACKGROUND: It has been hypothesized that body mass index (BMI) and muscle strength (MS) of the rescuers are predictors of adequate external chest compressions (ECC). The aims of this study were: (a) to analyze, in college students, the relationship between BMI and MS with adequate ECC parameters; and (b) to examine whether the association between BMI and adequate ECC parameters is mediated by MS. METHODS: A cross-sectional analysis of the evaluation of a CPR performance test involving students (n=63). We determined BMI and MS. After previous training, participants performed cardiopulmonary resuscitation on a mannequin for 20 minutes. PROCESS macro developed by Preacher and Hayes was used to assess whether the association between BMI and ECC was mediated by MS. RESULTS: Underweight subjects achieved lower results than those with normal weight and overweight/obese in several dependent variables including: correct compression depth (P<.001) and adequate ECC (P<.001). This differences remained after adjusting for muscle strength except for the compression rate (P=.053). Moreover, participants in the low MS quartile were lower in both correct compression depth (P=.001) and adequate ECC (P<.001) than participants in the medium/high quartile after adjusting for confounding variables. The effect of BMI on adequate ECC was partially mediated by MS. Similar results were obtained in the analysis of the mediator role of MS in the relationship between BMI and correct compression depth. CONCLUSIONS: The ability to provide adequate ECC is influenced by the rescuer's MS. Rescuers should be advised to exercise arm strength to improve the quality of CPR.